17 Hours is a Video Playback loop -I'm a little sad at the battery life claims. I can't quite tell if it's usage habits, faulty units, chrome or what is causing the disparate results from person to person. I'm sure that 7 hours worst case will be fine but man, I'd love to not have to worry about charging from when I get up to when I go to bed like advertised.
They are very specific -
"1 Surface Book 2 battery life
Surface Book 2 13.5”: Up to 17 hours of video playback. Testing conducted by Microsoft in October 2017 using preproduction Intel® Core™ i5, 256GB, 8 GB RAM device. Testing consisted of full battery discharge during video playback. All settings were default except: Wi-Fi was associated with a network and Auto-Brightness disabled. Battery life varies significantly with settings, usage and other factors.
Surface Book 2 15”: Up to 17 hours of video playback. Testing conducted by Microsoft in October 2017 using preproduction Intel® Core™ i7, 512GB, 16 GB RAM dGPU device. Testing consisted of full battery discharge during video playback. All settings were default except: Wi-Fi was associated with a network and Auto-Brightness disabled. Battery life varies significantly with settings, usage and other factors."
Many applications can kill battery life - Chrome is infamous for it, as is Slack and of course gaming, CAD, Photo or Video Editing, aggressive security software and running legacy software (especially old Win32 Applications)